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Thursday, January 31, 2019

Invent a Writing Technology :: Writing Technology Technological Papres

Invent a Writing Technology And-O Tempora O Mores-to lose the spongelike warm touch of sheepskin, the knowledge that some lamb chop had died to force this beloved writing surface Let us weep. (Tribble& Trubek, pg. 9) Some of us may extradite wept over this project, weeping over how might to do this writing project. Many of us succeeded in coming up with a unique way to write with natural materials, a few of us cheated to by using limited technology and some of us failed to do the project. All of benefited because we were exposed or unexposed to our element, the writing technologies we as writers use e authenticallyday. I cheated since there cannot be found in nature a magnifying applesauce, which I used. My ultimate method was to burn the letters, words and sentences into leaves from a tree. Though I did not weep, I did think twice about plucking the greenery from the tree. (Hey, those environmentalists feel been hitting us hard since birth with idealistic guilt trip s.) at that place can be a quite powerful little dig of light produced by the focusing of sunlight through glass, but since the magnifying glass cannot be found in nature it was considered cheating even if it is very simple and primitive. I could argue that it could have been an innovation of writing. I really entered my imagination for this project pretending that this was a desire or goal of mine, to invent this technology or advancement as if it had never been invented originally and was necessary. Since the first words were created, the technology has been advancing. Since I was a young boy, I have been using that technology and this project helps me to realize what struggles and what successes I have encountered. We do not even need pen and paper. I conditioned to write with paper and pencil. Now, we use computers and voice-mail. These are technologies we did not have a few years ago. I have become so given over in such a short time with these brand impudently t echnologies. I struggled to find what would be acceptable for the assignment and while I was contemplating, the conclusions teetered between the real significance of the project and the silliness I matte because of not using the conventional, more superior, available technology.

Tuesday, January 29, 2019

Ecological Threats Essay

A oscillation is a series of change which comes back to the starting point and which rump be repeated.12 The term biogeo chemic tells us that biological, geological and chemical factors ar only(a) involved. The circulation of chemical nutrients like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, and water etc. through and through the biological and sensual world ar cognise as biogeochemical cycles.In effect, the element is recycled, although in some cycles there may be places (called reservoirs) where the element is accumulated or held for a long period of time ( such as an ocean or lake for water).12 Water, for example, is always recycled through the water cycle, as shown in the diagram. The water undergoes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, go back to Earth clean and fresh. Elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one billet of the biosphere to another through the biogeochemical cycles.SystemsChloro plasts conduct photosynthesis and are found in plant cells and other eukaryotic organisms. These are Chloroplasts visible in the cells of Plagiomnium affine Many-fruited Thyme-moss. Ecological systems also known as ecosystems have many biogeochemical cycles operating as a part of the system, for example the water cycle, the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, etc. All chemical elements occurring in organisms are part of biogeochemical cycles. In addition to universe a part of living organisms, these chemical elements also cycle through abiotic factors of ecosystems such as water (hydrosphere), land (lithosphere), and/or the air (atmosphere).3 The living factors of the artificial satellite can be referred to collectively as the biosphere.All the nutrientssuch as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur employ in ecosystems by living organisms are a part of a closed system therefore, these chemicals are recycled instead of being lost and replenished constantly such as in an o pen system.3 The advert of muscularity in an ecosystem is an open system the sun constantly gives the major planet brawn in the form of light while it is eventually used and lost in the form of heat throughout the trophic levels of a food web. Carbon is used to shit carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, the major sources of food energy. These compounds are oxidized to release carbon dioxide, which can be captured by plants to make organic compounds. The chemical reaction is powered by the light energy of the sun.It is possible for an ecosystem to obtain energy without fair weather. Carbon must be unite with hydrogen and oxygen in order to be utilized as an energy source, and this process depends on sunlight. Ecosystems in the deep sea, where no sunlight can penetrate, use sulfur. Hydrogen sulfide near hydrothermal vents can be utilized by organisms such as the giant tube worm. In the sulfur cycle, sulfur can be forever recycled as a source of energy.Energy can be released through the oxidation and decrease of sulfur compounds (e.g., oxidizing elemental sulfur to sulfite and then to sulfate). Although the Earth constantly receives energy from the sun, its chemical composition is essentially fixed, as additional matter is altogether occasionally added by meteorites. Because this chemical composition is not replenished like energy, all processes that depend on these chemicals must be recycled.

Monday, January 28, 2019

Reflect Victorian Society and Culture in the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay

In this essay I pass on be exploring the ways in which Robert Louis Stevenson portrays and reflects the fellowship into which his novelette, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was initially introduced.To do this I leave behind explore setting, language and form within the novel. There argon besides a number of themes and subjectls that I will also discuss black letter literary Tradition, overnice Science, duality, hypocrisy and prim constructs of virtue and vice.M somewhat(prenominal) of the regions in Jekyll and Hyde show twain sides to their personality. This duality is shown in their spotless and consider domain face that contradicts their despicable behaviour in private. Possibly the almost open example of this is thinkn where Sir Danvers Carew, a respectable MP and gentleman, deliberatemingly a accurate person in puritanical society, is seen and killed whilst in Soho. At the sentence, Soho was a real undesirable area of London where respectable men were non anticipate to be, at an unusual time of the night. The lateness of his visit on that head suggests that he was doing some liaison that he didnt want his friends or anyone from his accessible circle to see, probably something deviant.Soho was a haven for drug dealers, drug implementrs, prostitutes, all types of crime and in truth worthless population. This is reflective of a common authority that was seen in the late cardinal hundreds. It would have been a portentous and unthought-of of mentation to discuss this concept openly at the time the intelligence was written, however, as it would fabricate those who carried let out deviant acts feel scrutinised and less safe. As if their inscrutable was being do public. This is a very innovative and original reflection of a puritanic speckle that was common locating yet at a lower placeground.We see more of this brotherly situation when Jekyll himself explains that, as Hyde, he could perform acts that in his no rmal form he could not. His social standing would prohibit such behaviour and yet he felt compelled to act in this way. Conscious within Hyde and free from social expectations, he gained a sickening sense of satis concomitantion, remorselessness and enjoyment when he acted upon his curb evil longings. Or, at least, at first he did. A vista shown in his statement of the case where he points to, secret pleasures, that I had enjoyed in the disguise of Hyde. This explains that, owing to his social standing being rather mellowschool and respectable, he could not act upon certain longings, barely, as Hyde, an unrespected nobody, he could. This was a similar, if more extreme, version of a situation that society at the time forced umpteen respectable people into.Obviously nobody had two separate appearances and personalities, in a literal sense, but some had a public face and animateness and a private one. Expectation was very gritty amongst people from respectable social positions and classes. There was no board for misbehaving. It is suggested that social expectation indirectly resulted in the birth of Hyde, as the potion to convolute Jekyll into Hyde was formulated in order to separate ripe(p) from evil. Social expectation was satisfied by Jekyll as the focus was on the good things. As Hyde, a separate persona, he could be evil without the worry of social pressure and reputation. Jekyll saysIf each, I told myself, could but be housed in separate identities, life would be relieved of all that was unbearable the unjust might go his way, delivered from the aspirations and remorse of his more upright twin and the just could walk steadfast, and firm on his upright pathThe duality shown in so more of the characters shows the inherent hypocrisy in twee society in which people had an open, public life and a secret life that only took place where the person was not available to come under scrutiny from their society or class. This is a vaunting of the squar ed-toe social mindset that appearances posting for almost everything. So any deviancy or misbehavior could only be conducted in secret where that no one would know. The Victorians are shown to be unbidden to disregard, ignore and remain uninvolved in unpleasant things at the endangerment of falling from grace. This is a form of hypocrisy which is well shown where Mr. Enfield says, I break it a rule of mine the more something looks like Queer roadway the less I ask, to which the reply from Mr. Utterson is, A very good rule, too.This shows the despondency of people to save face and maintain a facade of graven image and decency in order to agree with and remain in favor of Victorian social expectations. This explains the importance of a reputation of decency and gallantry in the Victorian society in which the book was published. The idea of reputation being indwelling is used as a diaphysis to scare and warn Hyde in the first chapter of the book. Enfield explains, Killing bei ng out of the question, we did the undermentioned best. We told the man we could and would make a scandal out of this, as should make his pee-pee be from one end of London to the other.If he had any friends or any credit, we undertook that he should lose them. The fact that ruining his reputation was regarded as the next best thing to killing him emphasizes the importance of this to Victorian society. other display of the importance of reputation occurs at the end of the book where Poole and Utterson are prisonbreak down the door to Jekylls cabinet and Jekyll forces Hyde to kill himself. It shows the extreme measures that Jekyll will take he would rather be dead than tarnish his good reputation by letting his secret escape. This is a starkly shocking reminder of the importance of a reputation in Victorian high society.Victorian concepts of virtue and vice are discussed throughout the book. There was a set belief amongst the higher ranks of society that a malicious or evil natur e in a person should be vague and suppressed beneath the good features. This is explored through Jekyll and Hyde as Jekyll and Hyde are so-called to be the good and evil sides to Jekylls personality.So that Jekyll can safely release his suppressed evil through the form of Hyde. He could do this without coming under scrutiny from the society around him. He says secret pleasures, that I had enjoyed in the disguise of Hyde. Danvers Carew is another(prenominal) example of this as we see him in the area of Soho, despite his respectable faade. This whitethorn be because he is secretly acting upon the evil longings that he must suppress for most of the time, due the social expectations of a man in his positionAnother way that Stevenson explores Victorian society is through its science. At the time of the government issue of the book, one new scientific theory was the Darwinian theory of evolution. This is explored in the book. Many Victorians believed that criminals were less evolved t han normal people they were thought to be a throwback from humanitys autochthonic past. Hyde, the criminal, is often described as being similar to an animal and less evolved. Specifically, he is described as being ape-like in his fury. Mr. Utterson says, The man seems hardly human Something troglodytic. This implies he is primitive and less evolved. When Poole and Utterson are breaking into Jekylls cabinet Hyde emits, A grimy screech, as of mere animal terror. Again, animal-like traits are highlighted.Gothic Literary Traditions from the time period of the publication of the book are also important when we are discussing its storyline and themes. They were traditions that were commonplace in novels of the time. There were set rules and patterns. There is the idea of the gothic monster which was very common at the time, which takes the form of Hyde in this case. There was also the typical atmosphere of darkness and cover and violent forces at work. This is exemplified in the novel by the dingy and dark setting. For example, Stevenson says that at that place were heavy pea souper fogs and a good deal of the story occurs at nighttime in eerie locations such as the run-down Soho area. This draws from real life because there were real pea soupers and the area of Soho was extremely undesirable and dingy.Also the fact that most of the evil occurs at nighttime is, to an extent, a reflection of Victorian reality, as the only time when respected people would be someplace undesirable or acting upon evil desires would have been at night, under the cover of darkness. Hydes house has no windows and a single door, so is ominous, dark and secretive, with no means of an out of doorsr being able to adopt what lies beyond its walls. Another secretive technique is that the monster, Hyde, is never described in undischarged detail. Hyde is only ever described vaguely his unexpressed blot is a clear indication that Stevenson is conscious of the vagueness of his descriptio n.We also never see the story from his direct perspective, so his point of view is hidden which adds to the secrecy of the book. There is also the idea of Hydes house being a lair, shown in the form of the cabinet and laboratory that add to the secrecy and is another common technique in gothic texts. Stevenson uses these traditional ideas however, he does so in a subtle way with far less pitting than in other books, such as Shelleys Frankenstein and Bram Stokers Dracula. Hyde is not literally called a monster and is, after all, human. It is the actions and nature of the character that make him the monster.Stevensons use of language helps to explore the Victorian enculturation that the book was written in. He uses them to add to and invoke some of the Gothic Literary Traditions in his book. Stevenson describes Jekyll in a lot of detail verbalise that he is helping handsome, respected and a gentleman. However, Hyde is given very vague and non item descriptions which add to the se crecy of the character that is, reverting to Gothic tradition, the monster character. present we see a perfect display of this techniqueHe is not easy to describe. There is something wrong with his appearance something displeasing, something downright detestable. I never saw a man I so disliked, and yet I scarce know why. He must be deformed somewhere he gives a strong sense of deformity, although I couldnt describe the point. Hes an extraordinary-looking man, and yet I really can name nothing out of the way. No, sir I can make no hand of it I cant describe him. And it is not want of memory, for I declare I can see him this moment.By giving a vague, sketchy description Stevenson separates Hyde from other main characters that are described in detail, by almost de-humanizing him. This adds to the sense that Hyde is the traditional monster character, which is a tool used in Victorian writing.Setting is also used by Stevenson to draw on gothic tradition and gives an eerie yet sometime s truthful view of London. The way in which Stevenson describes the lodgings of Jekyll and Hyde is a use of language that adds to the gothic literary tradition. Jekylls house is in a very upper class area and is decorated and furnished with great taste and wealth. Whereas Hyde lives in a very rough area, Soho and his house is a dark, seedy place with no windows and a solitary door. This surrounds this character, the monster, with secrecy and shields him from the outside world. It creates an ominous, tense atmosphere, which was often used in gothic texts of the era.Also the places in the book where evil occurs are described as foggy and dingy. And the absolute majority of the story occurs at night. This adds to the darkness and secrecy of the gothic novelette. A point that is further reinforced by the secrecy that obliterate the lodgings of Jekyll and Hyde. present-day(a) London is portrayed as having an outwardly respectable veneer of worth that disguised a dangerous and immoral undercurrent, the hiding place for much evil. This was to an extent actually true of Victorian London it had respectable areas but was quite a seedy place. As an example there was the notorious Jack the Ripper, who killed prostitutes in London in the Victorian era at night in back alleys and brothels and was suspected to have been a respected politician or businessman by day. This data links in with the idea of Victorians often leading stunt woman lives good in the day and disobedient at night.The structure and form of the book emphasize the gothic traditions that Stevenson draws. The book is written from Mr. Uttersons perspective with narratives and interjections from other characters, such as Dr. Jekylls Full Statement of the Case however, importantly Hydes opinion is omitted. This heightens the shroud of secrecy and depravity that surrounds Hyde, the monster. This technique was common in Gothic novels of the time. It adds tightness and terror to the novels by keeping the re ader deprived of knowledge.To this we can link the reaction of the contemporary reader to this story. The reader would recognize much reality in the book. They would see truths from the time. For example, the pressures of society would be familiar. Some may be shocked or slightly uncomfortable when reading it, because the ideas of living double over lives and suppressing evil and acting upon it in privacy, would have rung true of some readers. To discuss this in the open would have been out of the question and may have put certain individuals in an extremely uncomfortable spotlight. As was discussed earlier in the essay there was a clear Victorian mentality that reputation was very important, possibly the most important thing to some individuals. So some may have had private feelings and longings and may have acted upon these in private. On seeing this in the book, Sir Danvers Carews situation for example, it may have felt to them as though they were no longstanding safe to have a sinful private life as people new that this sort of thing happened.* * *In conclusion I think that the book is a fairly truthful reflection of many aspects of Victorian society and culture, especially the idea of living a double life. I also think that Stevensons use of Gothic Literary tradition is effective. In the novelette, he provides a new variation on traditional themes. All in all, I think that Stevenson employs a high level of reality and supplements this by drawing from the literary culture of the Victorian Britain of which he was a part.

Microenvironmental Factors Affecting Toyota Essay

Micro milieual factors be The factors close to the order that make believe its ability to serve its nodes principles of securities industrying. The microenvironmental factors that tinted the introduction and sale of the Toyota Prius were it customers, competitors and publics. Customers argon some(prenominal) peerless who buys or rents from the phoner. Customer are the nigh important microenvironmental factor that bushel company as they survive on meeting the wants and needs of the customer and failure to do so will expiration in the company failing.Toyota study their customers and saw that they wanted a automobile with soften furnish consumption and as a result Toyota decided to make the Prius, their first off hybrid railway car. Toyota dealt with their customers by setting up website to educate the customers about the Toyota Prius. They took returns of Earth Day to s give the axe out green seed card shaped alike Toyotas logo to prospective buyers and they withal gave extraneous some green Prius at Earth Day withalts.However, Toyota did not write out that consumers normally dont buy cars for the saving in the long haul so fuel savings are not going to be the key it convincing mountain to purchase the Prius principles of grocery storeing. As a result of this Toyota amaze asked goernments to give tax cuts to cars with better fuel consumption. Competitors are any company in the same commercialize place as your company. In order of a company to be successful in the commercialize place a competitors most grain a competitive expediency everywhere its competitors.Toyota has been successful in maintaining its competitive advan pursuee although competitors like Citroen fix got cars which are just as efficient as the Toyota Prius, Toyota is still the market draw in this segment principles of marketing. They take on done this by capturing people imagination by creation the first Hybrid car on the market and through the effective use of a dvertisement. Publics are any gathering that has an actual or potential interest in an organisations ability to achieve its objectives.Good relations with the public help to advance the companys reputation so helping to increase in sales. The biggest factors of the Toyota Prius microenvironment are media and the government. Toyota has worked with Government bodies and has asked for tax incentives encourage people to buy more than environmentally friendly cars to increase the amount of hybrids exchange. Toyota also has spent 15m of its 200m yearbook marketing bud bewitch on the Prius.It has introduction ads that appealed more to peoples emotion to get them to buy the Prius. Overall, Toyota has analysed its icroenvironment extremely well as it has maintaining its competitive advantage over it competitors and has sold over 1m Prius with the waiting list of the Prius waiting list being over 18 month and becoming a status symbolism among Hollywood stars. Question 2 The macro envir onment consists of six forces that affect the whole microenvironment, demographic, economic, natural, scientific, policy-making and cultural forces. The Toyota Prius is such(prenominal) a highly technologically advanced vehicle with its four cylinder petrol engine and 33-kilowatt voltaic motor.This could be one of the demographic factors that prompted the introduction of the Prius for Toyota. The Prius appeals to Generation Y also k straight offn as the echo boomers who were born between 1977 and 1994. Their comfort with computers, digital engine room and overall technical advances prove they are and attractive point for marketers wanting to create a device at the high end of new-fangled, innovative devices on the market today e. g. iPad , Toyota Prius. The economic environment consists of the factors that affect consumer buying tycoon and cut downing patterns. With many countries experiencing economic recession, consumer purchasing power is reduced.People gain less cash and now have to spend more carefully. The recent high petrol prices are causing a rising demand for greener, more fuel efficient cars that are cheaper to run. several(prenominal) governments are providing incentives to people to buy these hybrid cars. In the UK, the government is religious offering reduced car tax on initial purchase. Electric car drivers can also avoid the ? 8 per day Congestion shiver in London. Toyota must be aware(predicate) of and keep up with the technological environment which accepts the forces that create new technologies, creating new product and market opportunities.This is the most rapidly changing environment. By introducing the Toyota Prius, the company has gained a technological chess opening in the hybrid market. Toyota knew that their target market for this product would include engine room enthusiasts, or techies as they are known, and included reference to the cars leading technology in their advertisements. Natural forces also affected Toyo tas decision to manufacture a hybrid car. Consumers are becoming more concerned about the environment and about how the products they purchase have an effect on it.Petrol and diesel are both non-renewable fossil fuels which release carbon emissions that contribute to spherical warming. Therefore there is a demand in the market for alternatives to petrol-powered vehicles, such as electric cars. Hybrid cars like the Toyota Prius offer improved petrol mileage and emissions standards. Toyota have used this opportunity to position themselves in the market as an environmentally concerned company Toyota needs however, to be aware of the political environment which may pose restrictions on its business activity.The political environment includes laws, government agencies and pressure groups that influence and limit various organisations and individuals in a given society. Recently, the EU commission announced new enactment which will be brought in that requires all manufacturers selling cars in the European Union to lower average CO2 emissions of new cars. The governments of some countries have intervened and offered tax incentives to stimulate the purchase of clean-fuel and high-mileage hybrid cars. Cultural values have an effect on the products people choose to buy.Although core values and beliefs held by society are quite persistent, secondary cultural values are more open to change. Recent changes in cultural values include a greater appreciation for nature. People are starting to tell apart that nature is finite and fragile. They are beginning to seek out more environmentally-friendly products, one of these being fuel-efficient cars. Toyota has responded to this by introducing the Toyota Prius onto the market. Even in Hollywood it seems that it is now alter to be environmentally responsible as a get down of A-listers are now owners this hybrid car.Question 3 Toyota has ran a masterful marketing campaign so far. It has become the environmentally concer ned car manufacturer and the technology leader in the hybrid car market. It has targeted techies and earliest adopters by educating consumers about the new car. Toyota have used the power of the net to promote the Prius. The first thing they did was educate consumers about the prius. They launched a website to dispense the information and sent 40000 e-brochures to likely buyers. It worked. The Prius flew out of dealers showrooms and they even had difficulty keeping up with demand.They also ran print ads with tag lines such as when it sees red it charges, an emotional reference, and they ran television ads as well. By using these marketing tools to great effect the company was firmly formal as a caring brand in the consumers mind. The new environmentally concerned Toyota is cl earlier a hit with customers as it sold 400000 hybrids in 2006 alone. It has even succeeded in making being green cool as a host of Hollywood celebrities like Cameron Diaz and even Arnold Schwarzenegger has one to park, ironically, beside his giant hummer. Another effective strategy was to become the market leader in a new technology.It was risky to jump into the market that curtly as it could have cost the company a lot of money if it didnt work out. Toyota always subtly stresses the technology aspect of the car in its advertising. Surprisingly hybrids arent all that efficient. The citroen CZ, C1 and C3 all have better fuel consumption than the Prius, but it doesnt matter as Toyota have captured peoples minds. Its marketing campaigns have won over the environmentally intended companies like IKEA, who are switching their car cash in ones chips to hybrids. Toyotas efforts have left other car makers racing to intoxicate up.Marketing segmentation was used to great effect by Toyota. It set out very early on to target the techies and the early adapters through emails and the online website. Many Prius owners are immersed in technology, they even have their own website called Priusenvy. com. It really has taken off with the techies. They were able to make changes such as cruise control and a sniffer to the car without the help of a qualified mechanic or engineer. This success can be attributed to the minute targeting of the cars. Toyota could improve its strategy by appealing more to the general market for cars.Today the cost of a Prius is theatreificantly lower than it was when it first came out. maybe its time to focus on what a great secondary family car it would make or how it might suit a professional, like a teacher for example. There are many environmentally conscious people among the ranks of the middle class families of Ireland. By honing in on the teeny-weeny family market Toyota could bring an alternative to the Ford Mondeo and the Volkswagon Passet. Overall Toyota has done close everything right with the Prius. When we think Hybrid we think Prius exactly like MP3 and iPod. That is the sign of an extremely efficient marketing campaign.

Saturday, January 26, 2019

NASCAR drivers are true athletes

In the public consciousness, chromosomal mutation is normally associated with human-powered activities like football game and basketball, whereas those, engaging with human-assisted activities like racing, ar not viewed as truthful jocks as they allegedly do not need great physical endeavor to achieve success. This tradition derives from Ancient Rome, whereas the major emphasis was placed upon the activities, which bear witness the perfection of human body, but in the modern world, due to the stretch of new technological novelties, it would be unwise to limit the list. The pledge newspaper publisher presents the reasons for which NASCAR drivers base be categorized as athletes.First of all, it is necessary to bequeath a definition of a true athlete athlete is a person who possesses either natural or trained skills, needed to do a particular type of sports on the professional theme, participates in the competitions, find the rules prescribed, and is able to use the skil ls they possess in a beneficial way. Thus, there are several key aspects, which characterize an athlete, so they can be used as categorization criteria.First and fore around, an athlete should engage with a particular type of sports. Thus, it is important to prove that labor racing belongs to the soil of sports for this purpose, it is necessary to define the term sport. brag is an activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged in competitively. Sports commonly refer to activities where the physical capabilities of the competitor are the sole or primary determined of the outcome (winning or losing), but the term is in like manner used to include activities such(prenominal) as mind sports and motor sports where intellectual acuity or equipment are major factor (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport, 2006).Furthermore, true athletes should be skilled enough to engage with a specific type of sports. In the present case, they should adopt dexterity, good a t car driving and retain sufficient intellectual abilities and the basic knowledge of the physical laws, which rule the motion of driving.Thirdly, the true athlete should be able to use their skills and proficiency in the particular type of sport in the beneficial way, because the utilization of such abilities determines the maintenance of qualification and expertise.Fourthly, the true athlete participates in the contests in their trap sports sphere, as competition is an opportunity to look critically at aceself and tax superstars own skills in the proper way. As it has been mentioned, the athlete engages with professional sports, which require certain development and adjustment of ones skills to the requirements of the present day, which could be achieved only through observing peer performance. ultimately, the true athlete values competitive spirit and thus observes the major rules that beat the competition, namely those which determine the sightly contest.It is possible t o disagree with the aforementioned criteria. For instance, a number of extremely professional athletes, who participate in international competitions, endure to abuse the disciplinary rules and demonstrate aggressive behavior, but in the present case major rules that determine the equality and evenhandedness in the contest are discussed.These rules normally prohibit artificial measures, taken to temporarily increase ones strength or dexterity. In addition, it is also possible to strike hard the criteria that relates to the beneficial use of ones skills in sports. In fact, the term beneficial doesnt actually points to making bills on the basis of sport activity, in fact, it might include such minor issues as using strength to protect oneself or another person from red-faced hooligans or utilizing intellectual abilities, developed during the years of chess playing, in mathematics.Finally one might claim that competition is not necessary for self-development as an athlete, as it is possible to hire a very qualified motorcoach and train without engaging into the interactions with other sportspeople, but according to the aforementioned definition, electropositive and inspired rivalry is a core of all sports and victory is their purpose.Applying the starting time criterion, it is necessary to state that beyond the traditional sports like tennis and gymnastics, there also exist activities, which need more mental capacities and can be also classified as sports. In addition, the NASCAR refers to the activity it promotes and develops (motor racing) as motor sports, and due to the fact that this association is national, it implies the conventional view on sports, clear by the experts in this sphere.Secondly, NASCAR drivers really possess the necessary skills and abilities otherwise they wouldnt view as been accepted by the association of the national level. Most of them have been training for many years and using professional race equipment in order to provide continuous growth of their skills.Thirdly, the individuals, participating in NASCAR races, have managed to make the sport bring them money this way of using the obscure of sport skills can be considered beneficial. Nowadays, the NASCAR drivers are amongst the richest athletes in the country. Turning sports into ones personal profitable work is a true art, so the NASCAR drivers have succeeded in utilizing their unique talent.Fourthly, the NASCAR drivers participate in a medley of races amongst which the NEXTEL loving cup, the Busch Series and the Truck Series. In order to have an idea rough the level of these competitions, it would be useful to read about the NEXTEL, for instance The NASCAR NEXTEL Cup Series is the sports highest level of professional competition. It is consequently the most popular and most profitable NASCAR series.The 2006 NEXTEL season consisted of 36 races over 10 months, with over $4 million in total prize money at stake at each race (http//en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/NASCARNEXTEL_Cup, 2007). This mean, the NASCAR drivers belong to the supposed high sports, as they participate in the national competitions.Finally, the NASCAR drivers observe the principles of fair competition. For instance, they do not use performance-enhancing drugs (McCormick, at http//nascar.about.com/od/drivers/a/nascarsteroids.htm, 2007) and melt down to support the idea of the spirit of positive rivalry through quest the rules of politeness and good tone in the relationships with other participants.Criticizing this argument, one can state that NASCAR races are not actually a sport, but quite a a show with minor elements of competition. In this case, the accents are placed inaptly , as these races are a true competition in all aspects, but the modern mass-media have turned into a show, broadcasted by numerous TV-channels. In reality, the NASCAR is interested in maintaining its reputation and thus deals merely with professional sport rather than amateur shows .To sum up, the present paper successfully proves that NASCAR drivers are true athletes, as they meet the aforementioned criteria such as skillfulness, faithfulness to ethical codes, participation in racing and the corresponding competitions and use of their skills in the beneficial way The paper thus illustrates that a true athlete should possess not merely skills, but also high intelligence, major power to negotiate and make career in the field of sports as wholesome as satisfactory inner moral culture.Works citedMcCormick, S. NASCAR Drivers Dont Use Performance Enhancing Drugs. 31 July 2007, <http//nascar.about.com/od/drivers/a/nascarsteroids.htm>Wikipedia. NASCAR. 17 July 2007, <http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASCARNEXTEL_Cup>Wikipedia. Sport. 4 October 2006, <http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport>      

Friday, January 25, 2019

Analysis Rocking-Horse Winner Essay

People in life who are unware of how they cloak others, brings out their struggle with ignorance. This ignorance can hit every aspect of their life. In the go around yarn by D. H. Lawrence, The Rocking-Horse Winner, a young male child named capital of Minnesota encounters a rough lifestyle due to fact that vigor is ever good enough for his dear mother, Hester. He takes the burden on himself, and tries to reclaim everything that his mother desperately longs for. As young as capital of Minnesota is, he takes a huge responsibility in resolving the monetary burden of his family. capital of Minnesota is a crucial vulcanized fiber element to the maculation and this relationship in the midst of the two helps the story unfold. The relationship between Paul and his mother is very unusual compared to your average mother son connection. beingness an innocent child, Paul feels that his mother practiced doesnt have the percentage in life to be happy. From his point of view he snarl t hat the way to get to happiness for himself and his family was to provide monetary materialistic pleasure. then ultimately leading to his epic journey for contentment. Hester, Pauls mother, doesnt recognize how much of an influence she is on her sons life. flat though her actions of bad parenting habits and lack of a self-filter, she doesnt realize that her observation post on life is critic onlyy affecting her childs livelihood. She has a rare way of seeing things, belief in that luck is what brings you silver and that without that it you wont be prosperous.The crusadeing behind this is that Paul is incessantly hearing the phrase There must be more gold, whispering throughout the kinsfolk. Between the whispering and his mother, Paul witnessing actions of this sort passably much corrupt himself by the end. Paul has many interactions between himself and the family gardener named Basset on the topic of clamracing. Basset is a veteran at placing bets on horses and he loves i t. Paul and Basset come to be swell friends when, Paul finds that he is able to come up with the winner of the upcoming derby. Using this to his advantage, Paul enlists the help of Basset to help himself to start lovely property. Uncle Oscar gets word of the betting and wants in on the partnership, which is great because Paul finds Uncle Oscar lucky. These interactions between these three shells help secure Paul with a small fortune. regular(a) though Basset and Uncle Oscar never forced him to come up with the pleasant horse, there were con places that could not be foreseen. Paul rode his rocking horse hard and ready lots of effort into it, sometimes hours upon the horse. Keeping in mind that the reason he did this was to please his mother with a monetary gain. Sadly onwards a big derby, Hester finds Paul thrashing upon his rocking horse, falling off in a heap.He yells out the winning horses name Malabar and becomes unconscious. Paul inadvertently took his life for the sake of his messed up mothers eternity. The setting in this particular short story was fairly stagnant. The majority of the time, the setting was at the familys house in England. Then, a small segment was at a horse race in which Uncle Oscar took Paul to. Setting was relevant to the character Paul, because it in general revolved around what he was doing. For example, he is the one that wants to provide for the family, so the story follows him and his journey. An important element to The Rocking-Horse Winner is the relationship between the character and how the plot is patterned. The plot is set up in order of sequence of events, Lawrence wrote to where he could follow the thoughts and actions of Paul through a third mortal point of view. For instance, Paul realizes he can get money for his monetary burdened family through the horse races. So in turn, he starts equitation his rocking horse for the major derbys coming up. The author D.H. Lawrence establishes character to bring out the conflict and resolution into the story.Conflict is brought upon the main character, Paul by his mother relating to the fact that the family does not have enough money for what they desire. Her desire for more financial wealth lies at core of all the conflict that happens in the story itself. Paul is the one that is trying to dissolve this issue by using his special power of prediction. This story as a whole is a closed plot. Paul eventually ends up dying at the end with his final hurrah of Malabar, making the story have a definite ending. Personally I am fulfill with the way the story ended. It went out with a bang and its subtle to not be puzzled on how the story could end that way. I am though interested in how the family would survive without not only Paul but the huge money supply he leftfield the family. Wealth is one thing people can go kookie over. Hester is a great example of how ignorance can ruin someones life and even majorly affect other people around. Paul was just doing what he thought was morally correct to help his mother and the family. He did his deed without them knowing and never got any appreciation. This unappreciated hero helped afford plot to the story and life to the characters.

Wednesday, January 23, 2019

Characters in Hamlet Essay

Why does star live? What purpose does one serve? What is the meaning of art objectners? These be all empiric uncertaintys that both ancient and modern philosophers have besides to satisf carryorily answer. The look att of ones mortality and the differences of bearing and end are introduced right from the start of Shakespeares play _ small t give birth_ having settlement, in the airstream of his tiros demolition, attempt to explore these existential questions, seeking accuracy and understanding as he tries to grasp the anecdote about his finds death.Claudius on the other hand is deeply considering his actions musical composition to a fault enduring a very difficult apprehension of carriage afterwardwards death. Claudius acts to generate villages confusion and anger, and his ensuing search for integrity and hearts meaning, but Claudius himself is not a stationary character. In private, he is a very different character. It is clear that Claudius is seen as a mur derous villain, but a divided villain a domain who commodenot refrain from nourishing his own desires. He is not a monster, sole(prenominal) morally weak, intent on trading his hu objet dartity for power.Polonius is a man filled with confidence in his knowledge, and while he is a blowhard, and he does spout sayings, his cliches constitute sound advice and his observations seek themselves prophetic. In _ critical point_, life and death provides multiple influences and consequences for each of these characters, affecting both their well-beings and sense of meaning. Finik 2 crossroads is a university student of Wittenberg who frequently contemplates on several perplexing philosophical questions, and possibly suicide.When fagot Hamlet, his father, dies, he returns home to Denmark only to discover that at that place was evidence of foul play in his fathers death. _The serpent that did sting thy fathers life/Now wears his crown_. (I. V. 39-40). The Ghost of king Hamlet tells Haml et that his uncle Claudius is the murderer. Feeling critical, Hamlet seeks to prove Claudius guilt forrader he takes some(prenominal) action. However, Hamlet is too quick to act at times he constantly exaggerates his intellect while ignoring his emotions and what feels right. Al grand pianogh his fathers death set high emotions for Hamlet, it serves as only one of the troublesome til nowts for Hamlet.The fact that his mother, Gertrude, has ended her mourning and married another man (Claudius) so quickly, shows Hamlet the differences in some peoples thoughts, decisions, and possibly way of life. _Frailty, thy name is women_ (I,II,146). In this quote, Hamlet is speaking in his first soliloquy. The women he specifically refers to is his mother. Hamlet feels that Gertrude is weak and not strong enough to mourn his father any longer. Hamlet even continues to say that not even an animal, or beast, who has no efforting or s wipe outs, would have abandoned the mourning so quickly. ever y(prenominal) in all, this shows how angry and distressed Hamlet is by his mothers marriage. Although Hamlet appears to be the exemplar of an anti-existentialist from the outset of the play, Hamlets system of logic slowly begins to unravel, with layer after layer revealing much snippets of Hamlets emotion. As Hamlet speaks the line _To be, or not to be, that is the question_ _Whether tis nobler in the mind to consent to_ _The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,_ _Finik 3_ _Or to take arms against a sea of troubles_ (III,I,58-61) He is contemplating the thought of suicide and wishing that God had not do suicide a sin.Hamlets anxiety and uncertainty causes him to suspect the power of reason alone to solve his issues. Hamlet begins to realize that reason is help little in dealing with the depths of charitable life, which is one of the central assertions of existentialism. However, in considering both his emotions and reasoning, Hamlet avoids the temptation of suicide penetr ating that to escape lifes pain, would mean to eternally suffer in hell. By decision making to stay alive and counter Claudius fraud, Hamlet strongly demonstrates his inner existential qualities. As Claudius is introduced, he expresses himself as an intelligent and capable leader.Claudius gives a deliverance intent on making his court and country satisfied with their radical leader, addressing the people of his brothers death, his recent marriage and the potential disquiet with Norway. Claudius is well aware that if any assortment would occur in the government, gracious unrest would definitely unfold. His patois combines the peoples loss with a new beginning that they will have under his responsibility.He similarly uses the death of King Hamlet to create a sense of study unification, _the whole kingdom/To be contracted in one hilltop of woe_ (I.II. 3-4), but in private, Claudius conceals a very different personality. The Ghost refers to him as _that incestuous, that adulter ate beast_ (I. V. 42), and soon, his shame is what is known to be what is _rotten in the state of Denmark_ (I. IV. 90). The King has committed fratricide and has taken the Queen with _the witchcraft of his wit_ (I. V. 47). Claudius represents the worst of human dignity, showing greed, corruption and excess. However, Claudius is not entirely a sociopath. His actions occasionally weigh grave on him Finik 4 _O, tis true_._How smart a lash that speech doth give my conscience _ _The harlots cheek, beautified with plastering art,_ _Is not more ugly to the thing that helps it_ _Than is my deed to my most painted word_ _O heavy burden_ (III. I. 49-53) Claudius tries to ask God for forgiveness in a soliloquy, but realizes that he still profits from his crimes and is not willing to give them up. _But what form of invocation/Can serve my turn? Forgive me my foul murder/That hindquartersnot be, since I am still possessd of those effects for which I did murder_ (III. IV. 52-54).Claudius can also how some sensitivity. He is genuinely sorry for Polonius death, and he aboveboard loves Gertrude. Although he strongly intends on killing Hamlet, he refuses to do so himself on Gertrudes behalf. Claudius may show sensitivity for many characters but, cipher comes before his own desires. A spectacular example of this is how Claudius does not even intend to stop Gertrude from drinking the poison in the goblet during the duel between Hamlet and Laertes because it would have implicated Claudius in his plot to kill Hamlet. Therefore, putting his desires in front of all.Whereas most other characters in _Hamlet_ are preoccupied with ideas of justice, revenge, and moral balance, Claudius is decided upon maintaining power. Polonius, a man brimming with confidence, seems alike(p) a feeble old man who cannot say anything without attempting a great speech. At other times, it feels as if though he is Finik 5 undermining the life of the court through a network of spies. When Polonius fin ds his son Laertes, before passing for France, he urges him _aboard, aboard_ (I. III. 55), but proceeds to prevent him from boarding by broad some advise.This speech concludes with the message- _to thine own self be true/thou canst not then be false_ (I. III. 79-80). Yet, sometime later, Polonius is shapeing Reynaldo to spy on Laertes and deliberately trap him by deceit _and there put on him what forgeries you please_, (II. I. 19-20) meaning to be false, to say that Laertes is into _drinking, fencing, swearing, quarrelling, and drabbing_ (II. I. 26-27). Contrary to what Polonius has told Laertes, he is telling Reynaldo to be false and that his _bait of falsehood takes this carp of truth_ (II. I. 63).In all, Polonius is concerned about his own reputation more than the feelings and well-being of others. He puts plenty of effort into earning what he thinks is right and uses long speeches to convince others. In the end however, he is killed by one of his own ingenious plans. Hamlets perpetual reproof does finally help him to overcome his great anxiety. When he returns from exile in Act V, Hamlet appears to be very different. He is calm and less afraid of death. He has come to realize that essential is ultimately peremptory all of our lives, and any sense or question of existentialism would change nothing.Hamlet is ready to confront the circuitous truth that to avenge his fathers death he must commit the same act for which he seeks revenge. He now admits that he knows nothing of the world, _since no man knows aught of what he leaves, what ist to leave betimes? Let be_. (V. II. 207-208). Hamlet has reached the climax of his philosophy he has prepared himself for death. Claudius is the villain of the piece, as he admits to himself _O, my offence is rank it smells to heaven_ (III,III,40). His fratricide is the corruption invading the events around that which is, in the words of Marcellus, _rotten in the state of Denmark_. Claudius is socially capable, and his charm is natural. He can exhibit deep distress Finik 6 over his _dear brothers death_ but quickly turns mourning into celebration and moves on _With mirth in funeral and with dirge in marriage_ to whatever lies ahead. He is a very decisive man and recognizes that he his _offense is rank_ and _smells to heaven_, he also admits that he will not make amends with God because he refuses to give up what his crime has profited him. He is willing to take the consequences of his actions after death while bask a great lust of power in life. Despite the considerable standard of experience, Polonius is naive.Polonius inability to understand Hamlet reflects his ability to understand things. To prove his belief in Hamlets madness he invokes a little play-acting from Ophelia. He misdirects Ophelia into reading a book to confront Hamlet, while he and the King eavesdrop. Although this meeting reveals that Polonius has made a great mistake, he is not in the least discouraged but immediately sets u p his next plot. It proves to be his last because he is killed. If he had not misjudged Hamlet he would not have been pursuing his ill-founded suspicions and been behind the arras and gotten himself killed.In _Hamlet_, life and death provides multiple influences and consequences for each of these three characters, affecting both their well-beings and sense of meaning. In the end, Hamlet finally recognizes that life is governed by destiny itself, and that no alteration can be done with any amount of questions or actions. He awaits death at a moments notice. Claudius on the other hand, has accepted the fact that he will suffer after death in hell. He is not willing to surrender his power and therefore decides to live his life the way he wants, knowing that he has committed crimes to others.His meaning in life is to live life to the fullest and accept what may happen after death. Polonius acts like a fool, attempting to contention the other main characters by using eloquent words that do not represent what truly composes him, making him a hypocrite. While he depends upon his memory, he utters lengthy phrases, and gives useful counsel, but, as he ages, he cannot Finik 7 be kept busy and intent, Polonius is subject to the desolation of his capabilities. He loses the order of his ideas, and entangles himself in his own thoughts. The meaning of life for Polonius may seem unclear, or entangled.He means well for his children but also takes thoughts too farthermost and may seem to over think. He is ignorant in foretaste and the idea of dotage engulfing upon wisdom will solve all of the phenomena for Polonius. In the end, Hamlet, Claudius, and Polonius have all expressed what their true meaning in life is. Whether it be to accept destinys fate, avoid suffering after death, or, to act foolishly and hypocritically, life and death has most definitely spoilt a path for all three of these characters. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. _Hamlet. _ Ed. Roma Gill. Glasgow bell and Bain Ltd. 2009.

Tuesday, January 22, 2019

Dismissal Meeting Essay

1. Propose three ways that a handler can struggle with any negative emotions that may accompany an employee layoff. Layoffs ar tough for some(prenominal) the employee being set(p) off and the company for which he/she conveyed. The situation causes so much uncertainty amongst the rest employees. The beliefing among the employees is if this happened to them this could happen to me as well. gibe to Johnson (n.d.), There is a major disruption in the status quo relationships ar severed, proceed is redistributed with a probable increase in every stars workload. We as human fear the unknown and testament ultimately feel that its bound to happen again and leave behinding remain on edge until reassured it wont happen. Three ways the manager can cope with any negative emotions ar communicate with remaining employees, dispel any rumors, and stop employees to vent. During these difficult magazines its grievous that management has constant communication with their staff. According to Butcher (2008), around employees motive to know what forget be happening to them, especially whether they allow for they be laid off.Each one of the hold out employees wants to know whats leaving on no one wants to be left come forth. When there is something perceived to be a cover up the employees atomic number 18 restless. When the employees are uneasy panic and hysteria sets in and production levels go down. The moment employees hire wind of the layoffs or terminations the rumors entrust start to fly. It all stems from fear of losing their hypothesizes. Employees live on untrustworthy of management, so until management presents themselves as trustworthy, employees will continue to spill the beans and spread rumors. Management has to step and in let the employees know the uprightness near what has happened and what will come next. If there is projected to be much layoffs then management should let them know. If there wont be more layoffs management should co mmunicate that to the employees as well. The surmount coping weapon for negative emotions would be to let the person vent. If management allows the employees to vent, this will diminish the frustration amongst the remaining members of the team.Management should conduct a meeting with the employees and allow them to share their feelings. at a time management has an idea of how the employees feel they can assume proper action to deal with the situation. Communication shouldnt be one sided. Each side has to share what they believe is important.2. Describe a bit-by-bit parade of conducting the dismissal meeting. There are many steps to disciplining and employee. Usually, the concluding step in the content process is the dismissal of the employee. In a situation, where the employer doesnt believe the employee should continue handicraft with the company the dismissal process begins. According to Heathfield (n.d.), Some generation, however, terminating a staff persons piece of work is the best step to take for your organization. Often times, when the employee isnt a best travel for the organization management has to make the decision to trim the fat. Once its been determined the employee will be terminated for whatever reason.Whether it is for cause or non-performance, there is a process in which this shall be conducted. The manager has to history a meeting, inform the employee of termination, allow the employee to speak, and collect company property and capture the employee escorted off. The manager has to be diligent in scheduling the meeting. Most ofttimes practice is to schedule the meeting for the end of the day. This allows the manager to minimize the contingency the termination of the employee may disturb the work environment. In the event, the employee has a good enough relationship with the other employees the others may become upset. The meeting should be plan for the employee on a day in which the employee works.Depending on the prefe rred rule of communication the manager should contact the employee as soon as possible. Once the meeting has been determined the manager should pick a location in which the meeting can be conducted. The preference is a location in which there will be some type of barrier between the manager and the employee. The manager should position the room in much(prenominal) a way that the employee doesnt sire to cross paths once the meeting has ended. art object the meeting is going the manager should open the meeting explaining the reason for which they are meeting. After the manager has discussed with the employee the reason for termination it is important to allow the employee to verbalize his/her feelings. During this time the employee is allowed to say something in his/her defense. Also allows the employee to vent frustration about the termination.This will lessen the likelihood that employee will try some variety show of retaliation. Additionally, is there was some misundersta nding on either the manager or the employees part this would be the time to clear it up. The next step is a combination of two, have the employee return company property. Someone should accompany the employee to his/her work area/location to assure company property has been properly returned and his/her person-to-person property has been gathered. Making sure the personal property has been attained will deter the former employee from coming back. The second part would to have the former employee escorted out. In situations like these, it may be best to have person the employee has a close relationship escort them out.3. Determine the compensation that the factitious company may provide to the separated employee. Majority of the people in the workforce today, are doing so because they have to. Everyone has bills and expenses that have to be stipendiary regularly. With this being said, everyone needs a steady income. Without a steady income individuals will fall behind and face ma jor issues. So when it comes to employees being laid off from work employers should assist with some type of temporary compensation. In most cases, employers provide severance pay pay accrued leave, and unemployment benefits. Most employers have severance packages set up for employees in the event the employment has to be terminated earlier than expected. According to Yuille, (2012), The severance pay offered is typically one to two weeks for every year worked but can be more.In most cases to received severance an employee will have had to work for the employer for more than a year. Employers should offer pretty reasonable packages depending on the job trade and the economic climate. Most employers offer a benefits package for its employees. These are the things that attract talent to a particular employer. Within the benefits package there should be a leave option. The leave option should be a reasonable about of leaver per time worked. In the government workforce, when employment is terminated the amount of leave not taken is paid out at the rate in which the person works based on the number of hours of leave. Unemployment benefits mainly focus around two major separate of employee compensation and health benefits.The first of the two is the weekly unemployment payment ordinarily received from the state in which the person has been employed for the amount of time in which it requires to receive the benefit. The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation human action (COBRA) allows for temporary continuation of health insurance. However, it isnt subsidized like it would have been while employed. The individual has to pay a much higher support when paying as unemployed. 4. Using Microsoft Word or an equivalent such as Open Office, create a chart that depicts the timeline of the disbursement of the compensation. cop Appendix A5. Predict three ways that this layoff may pertain the company. In most cases, companies lay off employees to save money. Most times layoffs are cod to slow in production or a drop in revenue. Its always ugly business on both ends of the deal. The employees are out of a job and the company is out of workers. Three ways layoffs may affect a company are lower moral, loss in production, and cost to retrain. When there is a layoff the surviving employees tend to become a bit worried about what will happen to them next. According to Matthews (2002), The effects of layoffs on surviving employees have a less obvious, but still important, short-term financial impact. Morale right away affects productivity. When the employees feel that their job is in danger they tend to focus on things other than work. Production is the main focus of any companys operation.Production is what makes money for the company. If the employees arent focused on production it will slow considerably causing the company to lose money. The effects of the layoff will cause the company to lose more money than they anticipated. In the long run , the company will lose money on production due to low morale and lack of focus. Once production starts to pick up again the company will need to hire more workers. This progress in production will cause the company to need more workers to handle the load. The money spent on recruiting and training will suck up the money that was supposed to be saved by the company. Matthews also said, The employer will pay a premium price for attracting valuable replacements, including the cost of recruiting and top candidates. The layoffs prove to be more costly than keeping the staff on and lowering their pay.ReferencesButcher, D. (2008, November 13). 5 Strategies for managing employees after layoffs. Industry market trends. Industry market trends rss. Retrieved from http//news.thomasnet.com/IMT/2008/11/13/5-strategies-for-employers-managing-surviving-employees-after-layoffs/ Heathfield, S. (n.d.). How to fire with compassion and class. About.com human resources. Retrieved from http//humanreso urces.about.com/od/discipline/a/firecompassion.htm Johnson, D. W. (n.d.). The emotional impact of lay-offs and non-renewals. University of Minnesota. Retrieved February 10, 2014, from http//www3.crk.umn.edu/humanresources/Documents/Emotional%20Impact%20of%20Layoffs.pdf Matthews, C. (2002, July 19). The real cost of layoffs by carole matthews inc.com. Retrieved from http//www.inc.com/articles/2002/07/24434. Yuille, B. (2012, September 24). The layoff payoff A severance package. Investopedia. Retrieved from http//www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/08/negotiating-severance-agreements.asp

Monday, January 21, 2019

FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT: EARLY LANGUAGE STIMULATION, LITERATE COMMUNITIES AND ENVIRONMENT Essay

FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENTEARLY de ragingry STIMULATION, LITERATE COMMUNITIES AND ENVIRONMENT STORY READINGQUOTESIf you talk to a objet dart in a spoken intercourse he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his take wrangle, that goes to his heart. Nelson MandelaYour tiddlerren great deal be roughly you all day, but if you dont spend quality time with them and you dont pay circumspection to them and talk to them and listen to them, it doesnt matter that theyre just around you. Brandy NorwoodThe opus who does non read has no advantage over the man who sacknot read. Mark TwainINTRODUCTIONLanguage and literacy mountment does not cast down in the first day a sister attends instructhouse. Human existences develop run-in, even before actual words atomic number 18 formed in spoken address. From the time of birth, baby birdrens literacy is diverged signifi faecal mattertly by their family and milieu. Their teachers serve as only one influence on the road to developing passable literacy skills.This limit paper is closely the agentive roles put oning evolution primordial oral communication stimulation, literate communities and environment story reading that alleviates you to know how fryren acquire linguistic communication and become literate. It enables you to understand how clawren learn language, the bureau of anformer(a)(prenominal)s in jump outing this accomplishment, and how a minor becomes a reader and writer. Learning language and becoming literate argon shown to be social, interactive processes. In some cases, it in any case appoints people who live and work with very three-year-old children to interact with them in an appropriate c enter and to try drillingally appropriate grow to support their phylogenesis.Therefore, the vital role of others in supporting childrens acquirement is emphasized throughout this term paper.OBJECTIVES* To be ableto ac associationand understand these factors reckon the language and literacy nurture of a child.* To be aw ar of how these factors affect the feelings of the child.* To be able to know how these factors affect the actions of a child as it grow and learn. sisterren likely to develop literacy skills when the day they born. However, at that place are several factors that affect a child to develop and captain the language and literacy these some factors are in the following1. tikeren vitality in povertyOne of the most signifi rouset factors affecting childrens learning and development is growing up in an area of social deprivation. red ink has a negative feign on educational attainment. In the prospicient term children who grow up in poverty leave school with fewer qualifications and skills, which in turn affects jobs and employment. Poverty is linked to poorer health and has been shown to ware a negative impact on struggle with society for example, an change magnitude likelihood that an individual will engage in crimin al activity.2. Income and stuff and nonsense deprivationA low income has been shown to mean a deficiency nark to books, computers, and other reading materials and space to study quietly. It affects the quality of the bag environment and neighborhood as low income restricts where families can live. There may be no quiet spaces in which to work to or sleep and this has an impact on emotional well-being. Childrens diets may be  deficient because of escape of money, and poor nutrition can lead to physical changes that affect cognitive ability and performance of the brain. 3. healthLow birth weight is much than likely in children from lower socioeconomic groups and this is associated with risks to cognitive and physical development throughout childhood. Poorer children are likely to suffer poorer health throughout their childhood, including degenerative illness. 4. Cultural and social capital, and the experience of schoolingSome seek has suggested that a lack of social and heathen capital leads to low attainment for children living in poverty. I am suggested that children from lower socioeconomic groups stool several(predicate) background knowledge skills and interests that arent reflected in the school curriculum.The differences in cultural capital mean that the curriculum is much rugged for these children to access. The Social censure Task Force reported that puppyish people in deprive communities often lack social capital access to sources of inspiration, role models, support and opportunity and even those children with high aspirations were constitute to lack the understanding about what to do to achieve their goals. 5. Deficiencies from Inadequate DietsA common problem for young children who do not eat enough meats and green vegetables is lack of iron, which results in chronic fatigue. Serious iron deficiencies lead to iron-deficiency anemia, a common nutritious deficiency. Some children may be malnourished even though they immerse enou gh calories. These children fill up on empty non-nutritional calories (such as those found in cookies, and potato chips) and fail to eat enough healthful foods. feed children tend to have stunted growth and delayed motor development. They are also are at risk for cognitive disabilities such as low directs of maintenance, learning impairments, and poor academic school-related performance.6. operable Isolation operational isolation results from direct and indirect effects of poor environment and inadequate nutrition. Diminished brain from stimulationinfluences childrens behavior. The children may become more wary, easily tires, less attentive, and less playful, and they rarely show delight and pleasure. Because these children are not very responsive, caregivers do not interact with them much.7. Parents as Teachers likely the most important one is spending time with children. Although most parents are aware of the importance of reading to their children, not all parents routinel y bear this type of experience. Many children are read to very little or not at all, and how often children are read to varies by income level and the race/ethnicity of the family.8. Parent-child relationshipThis is concerns with social-emotional and interpersonal aspects that relate to literacy practices. The absence of such relationships can be a detrimental factor in a childs emergent literacy development.9. Parental CharacteristicsThere are devil characteristics, the culture, ethnicity and agnate beliefs. Culture and ethnicity affects areas such as the expectations for education, the patterns for language use in bilingual families (e.g., primary language used at house, language of the community, bilingual education).Parental beliefs accommodate the familys beliefs about the importance and role of the educational system in the literacy development of their children.10. Child CharacteristicsIt include the childs level of engagement and social interaction in literacy-related a ctivities, as well as language proficiency, cognitive abilities, developmental achievements, motivation, attention, and health conditions that might affect language and literacy development. individually of the child characteristics can influence the extent to which a child can use the support that the environment provides for early literacy learning. For example, the substantial body of research demonstrating that preschool children with language delays are at a significant risk for afterwards difficulties in learning to read indicates that factors within the child can influence emergent literacy development.11. Home LiteracyEnvironmentIt includes such aspects as book sharing mingled with parents and children, parents reading aloud with their children, print materials being available to the children, and parents positive attitudes towards literacy activities. The home literacy environment is comprised of both direct and indirect literacy-related events. Direct literacy related e vents are those in which the child engages, such as book sharing with a parent or labeling the printed letters of the alphabet. Indirect literacy-related events are those about which the child learns through the observation of individuals as they engage in those activities (e.g., reading the newspaper, typography notes). 12. Teenage MotherTeenage mothers generally have less knowledge of child development than mothers who postpone childbearing. The teenaged mothers lack of general knowledge in child development can affect the childs cognitive achievement and behavioral adjustment in school. The lack of understanding of development knowledge behavior can affect the language and literacy of the child that may lead to physical and emotional harm. 13. energiseBoys are faster than the girls in learning to talk. Compared to girls the mean length of execration uttered by boys is less. The comprehension vocabulary is also small in case of boys. Boys commit more grammatical errors and the ir pronunciation is less accurate. charge up differences in favor of girls remain and become quite pounced with every subjoin in age.14. IntelligenceIntelligence plays a vital role in language development. Babbling at an early age is wagerer prognosticator of child of childs intelligence. Children of high intelligence show better linguistic competence both in vocabulary, length of sentences uttered and appropriateness of sentence structure.15. TwinsTwins and triplets are slower to learn the language than the single child. Their vocabulary skill is so faster than the twins.16. Bilingual HomesIn bilingual homes the child face several problems to the language because the learn more than two languages at a time so it is very difficult to child to remember the two or three languages at a time.17. Language of Deaf and Hearing-Impaired ChildrenChildren with hearing impairments often do not develop oral language skills as fully as other children do, but they are quite capable of acquir ing a language of gestures called American Sign Language.But as these factors affect the language and literacy development of a child however there are ways to annul this if people will apply some circumstances like as the following1. Teacher & ParentsParents should promote cognitive development by constructing an optimal learning environment in the home-they provide materials, experiences, and cost increase that help children to become curious explorers of their worlds.When children are disclosed to a large chassis of learning materials in a safe environment and when they receive encouragement for learning, they score higher on tests of language development and cognitive development than do children with less stimulating environments.2. Story Telling -storytelling to children, exposing the child to contrastive play things, naming the object describing the object.3. Family Support parent(s) and/or primary caregiver(s) provide the child with high levels of consistent and pre dictable love, physical care, and positive attention in ways that are responsive to the childs individuality.4. peremptory Family Communication parent(s) and/or primary caregiver(s) express themselves positively and respectfully, engaging young children in conversations that invite their input.5. Caring Climate in Child do and Educational Settings caregivers and teachers create environments that are nurturing, accepting, encouraging, and secure.6. magazine at Home the child spends most of her or his time at home participating in family activities and playing constructively with parent(s) guiding TV and electronic game use.7. proto(prenominal) Literacy the child enjoys a variety pre-reading activities including adults reading to her or him daily, looking at and handling books, playing with a variety of media, and showing interest in pictures, letters,and numbers.SUMMARYDeveloping language and literacy in early childhood can be affect by several factors it can be a barrier or a key to early childhood from no-hit development in language and literacy.Those factors as barriers that affect the language and literacy development of children are children living in poverty, income and material deprivation, health, cultural and social capital, and the experience of schooling, deficiencies from inadequate diets, functional isolation, parents as teachers, parent-child relationship, parental characteristics, child characteristics, home literacy environment, teenage mother, sex, intelligence, twins, bilingual homes and language of deaf and hearing-impaired but if you sum up these factors the general outcome are family and environment. The family is the first one who will expose the child in language and literacy by teaching them before entering the school and before to interact in other human being while the environment will enhance what information they get from home and will also improve their understanding.But these hindrances can be prevented if the family of the child willing to give them a quality time in filth of many obstructions they has besides it is their responsibility to their children, they should give them a positive communication by talking to them often, reading them a story or large them an activities that will help to develop their language and literacy. While when the children interact in the surroundings, family should guide them and know the limitation of their child on who they will interact with.This term paper can helps the parents how they will develop the language and literacy of their children and it also helps to guide them in the right way while growing and learning new things.REFERENCESNeaum, S. (2010).Child Development for Early Childhood Studies.Southernhay East, Britain Learning Matters Ltd.Fabes, R.& Martin, C. L. (2011).Discovering Child Development.USA Houghton MifflinCompany. 3rded.Wasik, B. H. (Ed.) (2012). Handbook of Family Literacy.Third Avenue, New York Routledge.second ed.Rhyner, P. M. (Ed.) (201 1). Emergent literacy and language development promotinglearning in early childhood. Spring Street, NY The Guilford Press. 2nd ed.Neaum, S. (2012).Language and Literacy for the Early Years.London Learning Matters.Brown, A. I. (2010). Children of Teenage Mothers school readiness outcomes and predictors of school success. United States ProQuest LLC.Nisha, M. (2009).Milestone of Child Development.India Kalpaz Publication.VanderVen, K. (2011). Promoting Positive Development in Early Childhood twist Blocks for a Successful Start. NY Springer. 2nded.ACTIVITYA. practice DA if that factors Does Affect the language and literacy development of a child and desoxyribonucleic acid if it is a factor that Does Not Affect the development of language and literacy of a child.____ 1. Poverty____ 2. Ball____ 3. Parents____ 4. Doll____ 5. Income____ 6. Health____ 7. Culture____ 8. Quality Time____ 9. Teacher____ 10. Material DeprivationB. Multiple Choice. Encircle the best resolving for the following .1. This factor is concerned with social-emotional and interpersonal aspects that relate to literacy practices. The absence of such relationships can be a detrimental factor in a childs emergent literacy development.a. Parent-child relationshipb. Parent and Teachers relationshipc. None of the to a higher place2. In this factor, the low birth weight is more likely in children from lower socioeconomic groups and this is associated with risks to cognitive and physical development throughout childhood.a. religious Aspectb. Povertyc. Health3. This factor is linked to poorer health and has been shown to have a negative impact on engagement with society for example, an change magnitude likelihood that an individual will engage in criminal activity.a. Healthb. Deficiencyc. Poverty4. This factor has been shown to mean a lacked access to books, computers, and other reading materials and space to study quietly.a. Childb. Low Incomec. Health5. This factor is the child face several problems t o the language because the learn more than two languages at a time so it is very difficult to child to remember the two or three languages at a time.a. Functional Isolationb. Low Incomec. Bilingual HomesAnswer KeyA. Answer DA if that factors Does Affect the language and literacy development of a child and DNA if it is a factor that Does Not Affect the development of language and literacy of a child.1. DA2. DNA3. DA4. DNA5. DA6. DA7. DA8. DA9. DA10. DAB. Multiple Choice. Encircle the best answer for the following.1. a2. b3. a4. b5. c 2 . Rhyner, P. M. (Ed.) Emergent literacy and language development promoting learning in early childhood. Spring Street, NY The Guilford Press. 2011. p24. 2nd ed. 3 . Neaum, S. Child Development for Early Childhood Studies. Southernhay East, Britain Learning Matters Ltd. 2010. p132. 4 . Ibd p132. 5 . Ibd p132. 6 . Ibd p132. 7 . Fabes, R. & Martin, C. L. Discovering Child Development. USA Houghton Mifflin Company. 2011. 3rd ed 8 . Ibd 9 . Ibd 10 . Wa sik, B. H. (Ed.) Handbook of Family Literacy. Third Avenue, New York Routledge. 2012. 2nd ed. 11 . Rhyner, P. M. (Ed.) Emergent literacy and language development promoting learning in early childhood. Spring Street, NY The Guilford Press. 2011. p24-25. 2nd ed. 12 . Ibd p25. 13 . Ibd p25. 14 . Brown, A. I. Children of Teenage Mothers school readiness outcomes and predictors of school success. United States ProQuest LLC. 2009. p38. 15 . Nisha, M. Milestone of Child Development. (India Kalpaz Publication. 2010. p196. 16 . Ibd p196. 17 . Ibd p196. 18 . Ibd p196. 19 . Neaum, S. Language and Literacy for the Early Years.London Learning Matters. 2012. 20 . Fabes, R. & Martin, C. L. Discovering Child Development.USA Houghton Mifflin Company.2011. 3rd ed 21 . Nisha, M. Milestone of Child Development. India Kalpaz Publication. 2009. p196. 22 . VanderVen, K. Promoting Positive Development in Early Childhood Building Blocks for a Successful Start. NY Springer. 2011. p8. 2nd ed. 23 . Ib d p8. 24 . Ibd p9. 25 . Ibd p10. 26 . Ibd p11.

Friday, January 18, 2019

Addiction to Science Fiction

What do you think ab erupt p arnts sagacity ab forth accomplishment fiction books?? My dear empathiseer I pull up stakes be delighted to discuss this topic with you do you think that parents would ask placing their nipperrens minds in an imaginary area for as well as long that it may nevertheless affect them, would you, if you were a parent??Science fiction is a world that is full of the writers imagination or the producers, and its full of imaginary creatures, much(prenominal) as lamias, fairies, hosts, ghosts, and all the things that are not real, its ad forefronttage is, expanding the imagination of the reader, when I read the science fiction book that I squander, I de stretch outr to buy the remotem whats in the book, and for a moment I do, and if I got interrupted by aroun wear d holde, I salutary sense of smell b another(prenominal)ed and annoyed, barely(prenominal) when parents would say that its whatever kind of an addiction, which just about of them th ink its wrong, or truly most of them, they go exchangeable we want you to learn from the books that you stub read, and we know that you are loose of interpreting greater books, they underestimate it, thats what I actually dont agree about with parents,Because, well, I am addicted to science fiction, and it actually marques me learn some things and at the same quantify, I ca-ca gaiety because I lived whats in the book by hardly indicant it, better than a celluloid, that may ruin the humans view of things, books teach (whatever the musical genre of the book was), movies destroy (not always but most of the time, especially this generations movies). So I need parents to listen for their kids for at a time, dear parents dont just talk, sometimes I guess you get to to listen at least for once let us piss you our point of view. Parents, attest me, do you rather clear your children books that would make them hate the whole judgment about cultivation or would you go grad uation by step with me. Just by with child(p) them the freedom to choose the book, know that you actually achieved your stopping point.Science fiction books teach, as a prove, my friend, when you ask her whats the goal she achieved by reading the twilight saga, she would say I just had fun, and read, because I know that reading is important but when you ask her about what she learned, she would say, I learned to give my enemy a chance, because I know that there is no such a thing called enemies, but its desires that ruins the humans intellect And there is this other series VA ( vampire academy) an amazing series that me and my friend read, we had so much fun reading it, and at the same time I d wish well to tell you that I am actually clinging to it, more(prenominal) than any other book that I ever read. Its simply irresistible, and teaches to keep on stand up whenever you fall. I guess there is no harm in reading science fiction book, so dont make it a must(prenominal) th at we have to read realistic books, or some kind of a historical book, because it isnt a must.My dear reader, that was my opinion, so tell me yours, but subsequently considering my essay, I hope I reached my goal by report this essay Twilight (summary) Isabella Swan submits Phoenix, Arizona and moves to a untried place in Forks, Washington to live with her dad. She does it so her contract can choke around with her baseball player husband Phil Dwyer. Bella didnt used to stir much water in Phoenix, but after her move to Forks, she soon finds herself in the spotlight at her new school. To her admiration and dismay some(prenominal) of the true cats in class compete for her attention. Fork is wet and Bella doesnt enjoy it much to her its boring and pretty lame. there is angiotensin converting enzyme saving grace though Edward Cullen, the stunningly hatfulsome guy she sits next to in Biology.As shes trying to find out more about this mysterious man, she chance ons of The C ullens being un-human. Despite all the talk, Bella finds it impossible to opine theres anything supernatural about him and his strange behavior. During Bellas number 1 day of school, Edward Cullen displays a strange level of tension toward her. She reasons that its because he doesnt like her that much. Shortly after though, he begins to change his posture and starts friendly talk. Then one day on a place potful, an out of control van comes flying at Bella and is about to hug her to death when all of a sudden the van is stopped by an unknown force just beforehand it would have squashed her against her own truck.Completely unharmed realizing she should have been dead, Bella turns her head and sees Edward, whom she saw across the parking lot just a second ago, kneeling next to her with his hand against the van. Bella looks at the hand shaped dent on the van and realizes that Edward halted speeding van with his hand. Bella didnt tell anyone about how Edward saved her sprightliness , but when she approached him to explain how he could fit to her across the lot so quickly and stops the van with his hand, he isnt too keen to confess and refuses to comment. The spark mingled with the cardinal continues to grow despite Edwardss commences to avoid her. When confronted about it by her, Edward simply comes with excuses Bella is not willing to accept.However he mentions that its in their topper interest to stay away of each other, as get obscure with her would put her in immense danger. Bella has no more doubts that Edward and the entire family of Cullens are un-human. She is hinted by her friend Jacob Black that The Cullens are a clan of vampires. When attr carry through mingled with the two grows to a point that neither can be without each other, Edward reveals the truth about his family. He even tells her about his efficiency to read peoples minds and that hes dumb assembleed by his inability to ascertain what she is thinking. Edward and Bella fall deeply in chicane, despite the patent difficulties a love between a human and a vampire presents. Edward is facing his biggest personal challenge in resisting Bellas meander.The olfactory sensation of her origination is extremely strong and desirable, and Edward is afraid that the natural instincts of a vampire he is would take over to a point that he wouldnt be able to contain himself and would harm the woman he loves. Bellas scent is then picked up by a tracker vampire crowd who sets on a mission to hunt Bella shoot for sport. The Cullens, who now consider Bella die of her family are determined to protect her and separate Bella from Edward, sending the girl tush to Phoenix. Bella stays in a hotel and receives a phone call from James telling her he had her mom and gave her instructions on what she needs to do if she wants to see her breathing.Bella surrenders herself to James, but Edward shows up and shake ups him. The rest of Cullens joins in to fight the tracker but he manage s to prick Bella in her hand before hes killed. Edward doesnt want Bella to turn into a vampire and begins to suck spitefulness infected blood from the wound. He now tastes the blood, the smell of which he found so hard to resist. He was urged to stop by his adopted start Carlisle Cullen. Bella was saved and after shed recovered, she reoff to Forks to attend prom with Edward. As the two walk into the shadow, Bella exposes herself and pleads with him to sweep her and turn her into one of his kind with a bite to her neck.Edward refuses, although the reason for this denial is unknown naked as a jaybird moon Edward Cullen and Alice throw Bella an eighteenth birthday party. Edward is the vampire shes deeply in love with. In attendance are the entire Cullen family, Alice, Carlisle, Emmet, Rosalie, Esme and Jasper. Bella accidentally cuts her hand with a mankind of paper, this leads to a tense and somewhat violent moment. Jasper cannot control himself at the cumulation of her human blood and pounces upon her with the intention to feed. Edward has to protect her, an action that forces him to recognize the incident keeping Bella near his family puts her in danger. As they clean her wounds a glacial point in the plot occurs.As they speak, Carlisle tells of Edwards belief that Vampires lack a soul and that there is no better place than hell for them if they are killed. He speaks further, telling Bella of Edwards inner struggle, the accompaniment that he doesnt want to jeopardize turning Bella into one of the damned. Edward nonpluss emotionally retracted as the score continues, until afterward his family kick the bucket Forks in an effort to reduce the risk of harm to Bella and promise her safety. He unwittingly upsets Bella by taking the items she hold dear with him. Photographs and pictures that can be used to prove he is alive. Four long months pass, a time in which Bella enters a zombie like state.She exists but rightfully isnt living like she once w as. Charlie is worried and tells her to wake up. To assistance her get through this difficult time she goes to see a movie with her friend Jessica. Upon the completion of the film she notices some guys with a striking resemblance to the stalkers who followed her the year before. She hears Edward in her head fears for her sanity. She actually believes its her mind giving a wish of fulfillment. Feeling these delusions are her subconscious mind she seeks out alternative methods to trigger them. Jacob Black, her long lost friend who suffered grievous injures in Twilight makes another appearance in New Moon.Bella stumbles upon a couple up of motorbikes by the road side and realizes theyre the perfect method to hear Edwards voice once again. She notices they need works and remembers Jacob unusual tendency to specialise things. She takes them to see him on the back of her truck and pledge one to him should he get them running once more. Soon they become close and she begins to wager o n him, he fills the void in her heart. Jacob on the other hand is romantically attracted to Bella, who is aware of this, she tells him they are simply good friends. As their intimacy develops, Jacob begins to trust Bella and tells of the growing unrest and occurrences at La Push a reservation.Jacob tells her of his fear of the leader of a group of guys by the name of surface-to-air missile Uley. A close friend of his had the same feelings he was missing for a fewer days and upon his hark back had somehow joined the cluster. Jacob elaborate by telling of their strange behavior and his belief theyre up to no good. He worries he too could go missing and be targeted. On an outing, Jacob feels ill and develops a strong fever. Shortly after Bella has difficulty getting in touch with him before she finds out he too has re glum from his absence as a member of Sams gang. She goes to visit him at his tin and is told that he must stay well away from her. He doesnt explain the reason for this when she asks. afterward the fight and argument Jacob is feeling down and very regretful. He creeps into her room in the middle of the night and tells her what is happening. The only hint he gives her is to remember the legends he informed her of when jump they met. Bella thinks back and remembers a story about Werewolves and Vampires. She soon realizes that Jacob and his new gang of friends are werewolves. This doesnt sit well with Bella there is animosity between Edward and Jacob because deep down they both love Bella. Plus they are enemies because of the natures of the kind. on that point is real cause for concern because of the rivalry between these two and the fact vampires and werewolves truly hate one another.The provide of capital of Seychelles further complicates the situation. She wants retribution for the death of her friend James the vampire tracker. He was slain by Jasper and Emmet following his flak to kill Bella. As opposed to kill Edward, she feels killin g his girlfriend is a fair trade. Therefore, it is down to Jacob to protect her. Jacob and his new found pack encourage Bella and her father to spend time with them at La Push where they can provide adequate protection. Bella begins to spend a lot of time on the beach. She longs to hear Edwards voice again and misses him dearly. mad of everything she leaps off the cliff and plunges into the see where she almost dies in the hands of the ocean.Jacob comes to her fork up and tells of her friend Harry Clearwaters plight. He is in hospital following a severe cardiac arrest. Bella immediately feels remorse for diving into the sea and returns to Jacobss house to rest and regain her strength. She begins to wonder what her life would use up if she left Edward and became romantically problematical with Jacob. Billy, Jacobss dad, returns household to break the watchword that Harry has passed away in his sleep. Bella then gets a ride home with Jacob. On the journey she notices Carlisles vehicle and jumps to the conclusion that the Cullens have returned to Forks. Jacob rages and leaves quickly. Alice is waiting for Bella by herself.Alice tells Bella that she witnessed her fall into the sea and worries that she was committing suicide. Bella denies this but Alice is still changeable and wonders why then she felt the need to dive so removed into the water. Jacob bumps into Bella during Alices visit and she sees he is still outraged with her for choosing Edward over himself. During Jacobs time at the house Edward rings and masquerades as Carlisle. Jacob picks up the phone. Hes asked where Carlisle is by Edward and responds by telling him hes at the funeral. Edward believes its the funeral of Bella in light of the news Alice told him. He attempts suicide. Upon news of this surfacing Bella and Alice leave for Italy to find Edward who is begging a Volturi to kill him.The Volturi deny his wishes so he attempts to enrage them by stepping into the sun and revealing the ex istence of Vampires to all. Bella get under ones skins just in time and prevents Edward from following through with his threats. Shocked and confused that she is still alive and hasnt been buried Edward shows affection toward his love. He believes these are the last few minutes the couple will ever spend together. Bella is confused she believed Edward had no feelings toward her. The pair meets a Volturi leader by the name of Aro he informs them that Bella must become a Vampire to preserve the secretive nature of the vampire kind. Edward vehemently disagrees but is shown conclusive proof that Bella will indeed become one of the vampire kind in the future.At first Bella is surprised and in virtual disbelief that her long lost love Edward has returned. She wonders if she actually died spell leaping from the cliff and whether or not this entire episode is in fact a dream. Edward soothes her concerns and explains that he loves her and that he didnt wish to leave her at all. He tells he r it was for her own benefit and an act to protect her. aft(prenominal) a long discussion she realizes that his love for her burns as powerfully as hers for him, and that they belong with one another for all eternity. Edward is still shy(p) about turning Bella into a vampire. She sees this and takes the decision out of his control.They visit the Cullen house and start a vote over her mortality, requesting the opinion of all involved and whether they believe she should join the Vampire kind. The results are definitive, all but Edward and Rosalie feel she should become a vampire. Edward is angered but reluctantly agrees she should be turned following her graduation the following week. Carlisle is the one who they decide should perform the embrace considering the fact hes able to maintain control in the presence of human blood. Bella isnt happy, she would of preferred the act to be carried out by Edward but shines with whatever the Cullens feel is best. Edward agrees but only on the condition they marry first.During the epilogue of the story Bella reminisces and recalls her zombie like existence. She claims it was as if the previous seven months didnt occur. Jacob returns the motorbike to Bella in an attempt to stop Edward from seeing her, unaware that he visits her every night by creeping into her room. Charlie is incredibly angry with Bella and grounds her immediately. She isnt fazed though, she knows with the love her life Edward by her side there is nothing she cannot achieve and that when the splosh of turmoil settles everything will be perfect Eclipse This part of the story starts with the note Jake sent to Bella. It speaks of him missing her and that it changes little.Charlie blames Edward for Bellas disappearance in New Moon as she traveled to Italy and her apparent craziness. He no yearner likes Edward and shows with every ounce of his being that the vampire is welcome in the home. Seattle is also hit by a string of unsolved killings. Bella and Edw ard spend some time filling in college application forms and she tells Edward her plans and need to see Jacob once again. Naturally, Edward is against it, telling her werewolves are random and unpredictable, hurting those around them. In the meantime, Alice has a strange vision in which Bella is being hunted by a vampire. Edward hides this information from Bella and plans a trip to Florida with Charlie to see her mother out of town.Upon their return Edward is confronted by an angry Jacob, he demands to know why the return of Victoria is being kept secret to Bella and why they crossed into were animate being filth chasing Victoria. Bella is dumbfounded as Edward informs her that the trip away from Forks was for her own personal safety. at one time again, Edward insists Bellas banning from seeing Jacob is to keep her safe and away from the dangerous werewolf. Bella, unlettered insists that the pack are quite safe and that shes never in harms way around Jacob. Finally, Edward yields and travels to the border with Bella where they meet Jacob and travel on to his house. During one such visit Jacob pleads his love for her and forcefully kisses her against her will. unable(p) to resist his power she fights him off with all the strength she can muster.When he ceases the kiss she punches him as hard as she is able but only manages to break the bones in her delicate hands. Werewolves incidentally, are nearly as durable and tough as vampires. When Bella returns home and he learns of this Edward threatens Jacob angrily. Jacob tells Edward what occurred and they finally settle on a the great unwashed to work in unison to deal with Victoria. Later on that evening when Jacob has left, Edward and Bella decide to marry but only on the one condition that is they sleep together before she is turned into a Vampire. Edward realizes the severity in Bellas voice and eventually agrees to try in the future but only once they have marry first.Bella speaks of her concerns of what people will say and think if she marries at such a youth age, this is partly confounded by her mothers life and the fact she too married at such a young age. Spending the rest of eternity with Edward is of the utmost importance to her though, and when Edward proposes she quickly accepts. In an effort to keep her reluctant mating secret she refuses to place the interlocking ring on her hand. Bella soon realizes that her possessions have been stolen from her room to use for scent and locating purposes. Also, it becomes apparent that the recent killings in Seattle are being perpetrated by a coven of young vampires. Bella realizes the connection and the fact Victoria has been leading these immatures.Alice predicts an expansive involution between the combined force of Cullens and Werewolves and the Victoria coven. A confrontation between the Quileutes and Cullens is scheduled in the forest. During the gathering Jasper highlights and demonstrates some skills and points needed to s tand out in combat versus a newborn Vampire. Bella, worried Edward will be harmed asks him to stay away when the combat begins. Bella and Edward camp in the hills as the preparations for battle are made. They are soon joined by band and Jacob who too wait for the coming war. They use Bellas scent and lay a trap to lead the newborns into the hands of the conjoined vampire and werewolf force.Bella enters a state of hypothermia in the freezing cold mountain conditions. Jacob taunts Edward by mounting in the sleeping bag with his girl. Bella pretends to be asleep and eavesdrops on the talk between the vampire Edward and werewolf Jacob. Jacob speaks of his feeling towards Bella and confesses to Edward. Upon hearing this, Edward realizes that Jacob can give Bella something he cant and the two come to an agreement. Later in morning once they have risen, Edward speaks to Bella about the engagement, Jacob, who was hiding and listening to their communication lets out an angered and hurt h owl of pain. He leaves quickly before they can catch him. Bella speaks with Edward and asks him to go and find Jacob.Upon their return Edward leaves to allow Jacob and Bella to speak. Jacob threatens to get himself killed by connector in the conflict, upon hearing her dismay and the fact she doesnt want him to Jacob blackmails her into kissing him. He says kissing him will stop him joining the fight and getting killed. Edward returns, having overheard the entire conversation. He explains that he isnt angry with her for having such deep feelings for Jacob. This is a fact that makes Bella even more grim than she was before. Victoria and the newborns attack during the groups stay at the camp. The combined werewolf and vampire force completely decimate and slaughter the inexperienced newborn army.Victoria had this think though she skirts the fight and arrives at the camp to confront Edward and Bella alongside a newborn by the name of Riley. Edward pleads with Riley, trying to put him off the fight and explains the fact Victoria is using him. Victoria coaxs Riley otherwise and he refuses to modify allegiance. A fight occurs in which Riley is killed by the Lupine form of Seth and Victoria is killed by Edward. Bella watches the entire episode, causing Edward to worry for her thoughts and feelings toward him after seeing him as the unstoppable killing machine he is. She is unperturbed and throws herself into his embrace. She loves him dearly and has concerns for his safety and wellbeing alone. The war is over long before the Volturi arrive to tidy things up.Edward is reminded of his agreement to turn Bella into a vampire. Alice replies that they have set a date. Bella goes to visit Jacob who was injured in the fight. She reveals her final decision is Edward. Her love for him is far greater than anyone else alive and she hasnt the will or desire to live another day without him around. Bella later returns home from La Push. She speaks with Edward who announces that they dont have to marry, that Bella can have her way without completing her wishes. Bella states that she wishes to do things Edwardss way, and they agree to continue with the wedding first. He puts the ring on her riffle and they both agree to reveal the great news to Charlie. Breaking dawnBreaking finish up is split into three separate parts. The first part details Bellas marriage and honeymoon with Edward, which they spend on a private island off the sloping trough of Brazil. Two weeks into their honeymoon, Bella realizes that she is pregnant and that her condition is progressing at an unnaturally accelerated rate. After contacting Carlisle, who confirms her pregnancy, she and Edward immediately return home to Forks, Washington. Edward concerned for Bellas life and convinced that the foetus is a monster as it continues to develop with unnatural rapidity, urges her to have an abortion. However, Bella feels a connection with the child and refuses.The novels second part is writt en from the perspective of wolf shape-shifter Jacob Black, and lasts throughout Bellas pregnancy and childbirth. Jacobs Quileute wolf pack, not knowing what danger the unborn child may pose, plan to destroy it, also killing Bella. Jacob vehemently protests this decision and leaves, forming his own pack with Leah and Seth Clearwater. Bella soon gives birth, but the frustrate breaks many of her bones and she loses massive amounts of blood. In order to save her life, Edward changes her into a vampire by injecting his venom into her heart. Jacob, who was present for the birth, almost immediately imprintsan forced response in which a shape-shifter finds his soul mateon Edward and Bellas newborn daughter, Renesmee.This ends the enmity between Jacob and the Cullens, leading Edward and Jacob to regard each other as brothers. The third section of Breaking Dawn shifts back to Bellas perspective, finding her changed into a vampire and enjoying her new life and abilities. However, the vampire Irina misidentifies Renesmee as an immortal child, a child who has been turned into a vampire. Because immortal children are uncontrollable, creating them has been veto by the Volturi. After Irina presents her allegation to the Volturi, they plan to destroy Renesmee and the Cullens. In an attempt to survive, the Cullens gather other vampire clans from around the world to stand as witnesses and prove to the Volturi that Renesmee is not an immortal child.Upon confronting the gathered Cullen allies and witnesses, the Volturi discover that they have been misinformed and immediately execute Irina for her mistake. However, they remain undecided on whether Renesmee should be viewed as a threat to vampires secret existence. At that time, Alice and Jasper, who had left prior to the confrontation, return with a Mapuche called Nahuel, a 150-year-old vampire-human crossbreed like Renesmee. He demonstrates that the crossbreeds pose no threat, and the Volturi surrender. Edward, Bella and Renesm ee return to their home in peace. I HoPe I make My PoInT &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 Start with an interesting beginning, or lead, to get your readers attention.For example if you were writing about recycling newspapers, you could open your essay by asking how many people have huge stacks of old newspapers in their garages. let your readers know what your issue and point of view by including an opinion teaching In each paragraph, give a reason that will convince your audience 1-start or end the body of your essay with a complete by arranging your reasons according to their order of importance 2-be sure that you logically support your reasons by using bear witness and that you elaborate on your reasons and evidence Restate your opinion in different words, and summarize your reasons in one or two sentences. Close your essay with a call to action that tells your readers what you want them to do or with what strong closing statement.